Sanctuary is the diplomatic procedure by which Bajoran collaborators exiled per the Ilvian Proclamation are allowed to return to the planet. It is a courtesy rarely, if ever, extended to anyone, as collaborators are considered the lowest of the low on Bajor.
In 2370, Vedek Winn granted Kubus Oak sanctuary in exchange for his cooperation in an investigation of fellow Vedek Bareil. However, Kira Nerys intervened, and it is unclear whether Kubus was allowed to return to his homeworld. His name was fourth on the Ilvian Proclamation. (DS9: "The Collaborator")