The positronic subprocessor was an integral piece of the positronic brain of Soong-type androids. The subprocessor was linked to information processing of subroutines within the positronic framework. It was susceptible to energy surges that disrupted programming and caused different file directories to inaccurately exchange information. One such power surge in 2369 caused Data to accidentally absorb information from the USS Enterprise-D's main computer, specifically files related to recreational programming and the Ancient West. As a result, Data took on peculiar characteristics of holodeck characters from that setting. (TNG: "A Fistful of Datas")
Dekyon field emissions can cause a resonance in positronic subprocessors. In 2368, a disaster that trapped the USS Enterprise-D within a temporal causality loop was averted after a modulated dekyon field from the previous loop affected Data's positronic subprocessors, giving him the information to avert the disaster. (TNG: "Cause and Effect")
In 2370, Commander Geordi La Forge modified Data's positronic subprocessor to emit a high-frequency interphasic pulse, in order to neutralize an infestation of interphasic organisms. (TNG: "Phantasms")