The Federation Uniform Code of Justice is the legal basis of Starfleet court martial proceedings.
When under trial by Admiral Norah Satie, Captain Jean-Luc Picard cited Chapter Four, Article Twelve of the Uniform Code of Justice which granted him the right to make a statement before questioning began. (TNG: "The Drumhead")
In 2370, a group of Maquis prisoners were scheduled to be tried under the Federation Code of Justice. (DS9: "The Maquis, Part II")
Although referred to as the Federation Uniform Code of Justice in the script, the word "Federation" was dropped on screen in "The Drumhead" and the word "uniform" was dropped in "The Maquis".