Calculus was a method of mathematical calculation discovered by Isaac Newton.
Calculus had several different forms. Fractal and waveform among other things.
Starfleet Admiral Patterson taught calculus at Starfleet Academy during the mid-24th century. (VOY: "Relativity")
Jake Sisko had a calculus test in 2370 whether he past or not is unknown. (DS9:"Second Sight")
Harry Bernard hated calculus. Despite the fact that his father told him everyone needed a basic understanding of it. (TNG:"When the Bough Breaks")
Joshua Albert was never good at mathematics. His mother and Albert thought he would never understand calculus. This changed when Joshua found out it was one of the entry requirements of Starfleet Academy. He took on extra classes and got a personal tutor and passed the entry exams. (TNG:"The First Duty")
Kathryn Janeway still had nightmares from her fractal calculus final. As she told her tutor Admiral Patterson before she took command of the USS Voyager. (VOY:"Relativity")
Tincoo thought the Doctors singing might be a form of wave-form calculus. (VOY:"Virtuoso")